SQM Group logo

What is Sentiment Arc Analysis? And How Can it be Used in Call Centers?

| 8 min read

In a call center environment, where interactions are often fast-paced and high-pressure, it’s crucial to grasp not only what customers are saying but how they’re feeling throughout the conversation. This is where Sentiment Arc Analysis comes into play—a powerful tool that helps call centers track the emotional journey of a customer during their interaction with an agent.

Sentiment Arc Analysis goes beyond basic sentiment analysis, which simply identifies if a customer’s mood is positive, negative, or neutral at a specific moment. Sentiment Arc Analysis tracks the emotional trajectory of a conversation—capturing how a customer’s sentiment shifts from one point to another and potentially highlighting moments where emotions peak or dip dramatically.

In a study of 29,000 calls, traditional sentiment analysis showed that 88.3% of calls ended with a neutral sentiment, which might suggest that agents weren’t significantly impacting the customer’s emotional experience. However, when sentiment arc analysis was applied, the results told a very different story:

  • 46% of calls showed an improvement in sentiment throughout the conversation.
  • 95% of calls that started with negative sentiment ended positively.
  • Sentiment declined on less than 1% of calls.

Additionally, sentiment arc analysis revealed specific actions by agents that contributed to positive emotional shifts, such as asking more questions to understand customer needs better. This deeper insight highlights how agents can play a crucial role in shaping the emotional direction of a call.

Adopting sentiment arc analysis can lead to deeper insights and better overall service outcomes for call centers. In this blog, we’ll explore sentiment arc analysis, why it matters for call centers, and how you can use it to enhance your operations and customer experience.

What is Sentiment Arc Analysis?

Sentiment Arc Analysis is an advanced method used to track the emotional trajectory of a conversation. It doesn’t just measure how a customer feels at any given moment; rather, it traces the rise and fall of their emotions throughout the interaction. This analysis reveals how a customer's mood shifts—starting from the initial greeting, through the discussion of their issue, and possibly leading to a resolution or escalation. The goal is to capture the emotional flow and identify key moments that may affect the overall outcome of the interaction.

graph of sentiment arc analysis

The Emotional Arc: Imagine a graph that charts a customer’s emotional state throughout a call. The “sentiment arc” is this curve, which shows the emotional highs and lows a customer experiences.

For example, a customer might begin the call with frustration (a negative sentiment), then, after the agent provides helpful information, the  sentiment rises to neutral or positive; ultimately, the call may end on a positive note if the issue is resolved. These emotional shifts are crucial to understanding the overall customer experience and can provide valuable insights into how an agent handles the situation.

Sentiment Analysis vs. Sentiment Arc Analysis

graph of sentiment arc analysis

While both sentiment analysis and sentiment arc analysis assess customer emotions, they differ in scope and depth. Sentiment analysis typically analyzes text (or speech) at a particular moment to classify it as positive, negative, or neutral. This provides a snapshot of a customer’s current emotional state but doesn't capture the progression of emotions over time.

On the other hand, sentiment arc analysis takes a more comprehensive approach by mapping the fluctuations in sentiment from the beginning to the end of a conversation. It offers a dynamic view of how emotions evolve, giving call centers deeper insights into customer feelings.

How It Works: Sentiment Arc Analysis relies on sophisticated algorithms and AI-driven tools that analyze speech patterns, tone of voice, word choice, and other conversational cues. These tools assess the emotional tone in real-time as the call progresses and map out the sentiment fluctuations.

Some tools can visualize this sentiment arc, displaying a graph of the emotional highs and lows during the call. This visual representation helps call centers understand at which points the customer’s mood shifted and why, providing a foundation for improving customer interactions.

For instance, if a customer’s mood shifts dramatically from frustration to satisfaction, sentiment arc analysis can pinpoint when this change occurred, helping agents understand which part of the conversation led to a successful outcome. Similarly, if a conversation takes a downward turn, identifying the emotional drop can help agents recover and steer the call back in the right direction before it escalates.

Why is Sentiment Arc Analysis Important in Call Centers?

Sentiment Arc Analysis is not just a tool for tracking emotional fluctuations—it's a key driver in enhancing the customer experience and call center performance.

Sentiment Arc Analysis is a transformative tool for call centers, offering much more than a snapshot of customer emotions at a given moment. By tracking the emotional trajectory of a conversation, sentiment arc analysis helps call centers pinpoint exactly how customer sentiment evolves during each interaction, providing deeper insights that can drive meaningful improvements. Here's how it can make a significant difference:

1. Identifying Effective Agent Actions

One of the key benefits of sentiment arc analysis is its ability to highlight specific actions taken by agents that influence customer sentiment. By analyzing the emotional flow of a conversation, you can see exactly what works (and what doesn’t) when it comes to improving customer satisfaction.

For example, you might discover that asking open-ended questions to clarify a customer’s needs improves sentiment, while providing scripted responses may not have the same positive impact. This data allows managers to coach agents based on real, actionable insights, ensuring that agents are equipped with the best tools and strategies to enhance customer interactions.

customer service agent speaking with a customer

2. Replacing Customer Surveys

Traditionally, customer feedback has been captured through post-call surveys, where customers rate their experience or provide written responses. While valuable, surveys have limitations—they rely on customers to remember and articulate their emotions after the fact, and they may not always reflect the full emotional journey of the interaction.

On the other hand, Sentiment arc analysis captures real-time emotional shifts throughout the entire conversation, providing a more accurate, comprehensive view of the customer experience. This continuous, in-the-moment tracking makes sentiment arc analysis a powerful replacement for traditional surveys, offering more nuanced insights often missing from post-interaction feedback.

customer speaking with a customer service agent

3. Identifying Themes That Drive Customer Sentiment

A crucial aspect of sentiment arc analysis is uncovering the underlying themes that drive customer sentiment. Tracking the sentiment arc can pinpoint specific topics or issues that cause emotional spikes—positive or negative—throughout the conversation. This data reveals recurring patterns that can be used to improve both individual interactions and overall service quality.

For example, suppose a significant number of calls show a dip in sentiment when discussing a particular product or service. In that case, it signals a potential area for improvement in that product or how it’s communicated to customers. Identifying these themes allows call centers to proactively address common pain points, enhance training, and optimize processes, ultimately leading to a more positive and consistent customer experience.

customer service agent standing in front of a graph

4. Optimizing Agent Performance

Sentiment arc data also helps call center managers monitor and improve agent performance. By analyzing sentiment shifts, managers can identify moments when agents successfully de-escalated tense situations or turned a negative interaction into a positive one.

Similarly, it reveals areas where agents may struggle to manage customer emotions, offering actionable insights for coaching. Training can then be tailored to address specific challenges, such as improving empathy or learning how to handle frustration more effectively. As agents refine their emotional intelligence, overall service quality improves.

agent showing customers of different emotional states

Common Challenges of Sentiment Arc Analysis and How to Overcome Them

While sentiment arc analysis offers powerful insights, it has challenges. Here are some common obstacles call centers might face when implementing sentiment arc analysis—and strategies for overcoming them:

Challenge 1: Misinterpretation of Sentiment Data

One of the limitations of sentiment analysis is that it can sometimes misinterpret certain nuances, such as sarcasm or cultural differences in language. For example, a customer who says, “Great, another delay,” may be classified as positive when the underlying sentiment is clearly negative.

To mitigate this, it's essential to refine the algorithms used in sentiment arc analysis by training them to recognize context, tone, and inflection in speech. Additionally, a hybrid approach—combining AI analysis with human oversight—can help ensure that sentiment is accurately interpreted.

Challenge 2: Over-reliance on Technology

While sentiment arc analysis can provide valuable insights, it should never replace human empathy and judgment. There’s a risk that agents may rely too heavily on the technology, treating it as the ultimate guide for handling conversations. To address this, ensure that sentiment arc analysis is used to supplement agent skills, not replace them.

Training should emphasize the importance of emotional intelligence, with agents learning how to balance data-driven insights with personal interaction to create more meaningful customer experiences.

Challenge 3: Privacy and Compliance Concerns

Tracking customer sentiment often involves analyzing sensitive personal data, which raises privacy and compliance issues. Call centers must adhere to data protection regulations such as GDPR or CCPA to avoid legal complications.

Ensure customers are informed about data usage through transparent consent protocols and that sentiment data is anonymized and used solely to improve customer service. Implementing robust data security measures is also essential to safeguard against potential breaches.

By addressing these challenges head-on, call centers can maximize the value of sentiment arc analysis while maintaining customer trust and compliance with regulations.